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[ CentOS/FTPサーバ ] vsftpd のインストールと設定の説明です。 vsftpd インストール確認 †[root@linux ~]# rpm -qa | grep vsftpd [root@linux ~]# ← 何も出てこなければインストールされていない [root@linux ~]# yum list | grep vsftpd ← yumインストール可能か検索 vsftpd.i386 2.0.1-5.EL4.5 base [root@linux ~]# vsftpd インストール †[root@linux ~]# yum -y install vsftpd Setting up Install Process Setting up repositories Reading repository metadata in from local files Parsing package install arguments Resolving Dependencies --> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait. ---> Downloading header for vsftpd to pack into transaction set. vsftpd-2.0.1-5.EL4.5.i386 100% |=========================| 13 kB 00:00 ---> Package vsftpd.i386 0:2.0.1-5.EL4.5 set to be updated --> Running transaction check Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================= Installing: vsftpd i386 2.0.1-5.EL4.5 base 121 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================= Install 1 Package(s) Update 0 Package(s) Remove 0 Package(s) Total download size: 121 k Downloading Packages: (1/1): vsftpd-2.0.1-5.EL4 100% |=========================| 121 kB 00:00 Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing: vsftpd ######################### [1/1] Installed: vsftpd.i386 0:2.0.1-5.EL4.5 Complete! [root@linux ~]# vsftpd を起動する †[root@linux ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/vsftpd start vsftpd 用の vsftpd を起動中: [ OK ] [root@linux ~]# vsftpd のサービス起動(ランレベル)を確認する †[root@linux ~]# chkconfig --list vsftpd vsftpd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off ←■ サービス起動がONになっていない [root@linux ~]# chkconfig vsftpd on [root@linux ~]# chkconfig --list vsftpd ← サービス起動をONに設定する vsftpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off ←■ 再度サービス起動の確認 [root@linux ~]# vsftpd 設定 †設定ファイル /etc/vsftpd.vsftpd.conf の編集 †[root@linux vsftpd]# cd /etc/vsftpd ←■ /etc/vsftpd に移動 [root@linux vsftpd]# touch chroot_list ← ホームディレクトリより上位に移動できるユーザ用ファイル作成 [root@linux vsftpd]# chmod 600 chroot_list ←■ パーミッション変更 [root@linux vsftpd]# cp -a vsftpd.conf vsftpd.conf.org ←■ 設定ファイルのバックアップ [root@linux vsftpd]# vi vsftpd.conf ←■ vsftpd.conf 編集 ▼ /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf ▼ # Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf # # The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file # loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable. # Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults. # # READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options. # Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's # capabilities. # # Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out). #anonymous_enable=YES anonymous_enable=NO ←■ anonymousログイン(匿名ログイン)を禁止にする # # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in. local_enable=YES # # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command. write_enable=YES # # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022, # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's) local_umask=022 # # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user. #anon_upload_enable=YES # # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create # new directories. #anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES # # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they # go into a certain directory. dirmessage_enable=YES # # Activate logging of uploads/downloads. xferlog_enable=YES # # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data). connect_from_port_20=YES # # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not # recommended! #chown_uploads=YES #chown_username=whoever # # You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown # below. #xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log ←■ ログ保存する場合、ファイルパス # # If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format #xferlog_std_format=YES xferlog_std_format=NO ←■ NO にする # # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session. #idle_session_timeout=600 idle_session_timeout=300 ←■ アイドル時のタイムアウトを設定(300秒) # # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection. #data_connection_timeout=120 data_connection_timeout=60 ←■ 続時時のタイムアウトを設定(60秒) # # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user. #nopriv_user=ftpsecure # # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it, # however, may confuse older FTP clients. #async_abor_enable=YES # # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII # mangling on files when in ASCII mode. # Beware that turning on ascii_download_enable enables malicious remote parties # to consume your I/O resources, by issuing the command "SIZE /big/file" in # ASCII mode. # These ASCII options are split into upload and download because you may wish # to enable ASCII uploads (to prevent uploaded scripts etc. from breaking), # without the DoS risk of SIZE and ASCII downloads. ASCII mangling should be # on the client anyway.. #ascii_upload_enable=YES ascii_upload_enable=YES ←■ ASCIIモードのファイルアップロードを許可 #ascii_download_enable=YES ascii_download_enable=YES ←■ ASCIIモードのファイルダウンロードを許可 # # You may fully customise the login banner string: #ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service. ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service. ←■ 接続時のメッセージ # # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks. #deny_email_enable=YES # (default follows) #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails # # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of # users to NOT chroot(). #chroot_list_enable=YES chroot_list_enable=YES ←■ アクセスディレクトリ(chroot)の制限を許可する # (default follows) #chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list ←■ ファイルのパス(ファイル作成する) # # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it. #ls_recurse_enable=YES ls_recurse_enable=YES ←■ ディレクトリの削除を可能にする # # When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and # listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction # with the listen_ipv6 directive. listen=YES ←■ スタンドアロンで起動する為の指定 YES # # This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6 # sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd whith two configuration files. # Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !! #listen_ipv6=YES pam_service_name=vsftpd userlist_enable=YES tcp_wrappers=YES chroot_local_user=YES ←■ chroot_listに指定ユーザはユーザディレクトリより上位への移動を拒否する use_localtime=YES ←■ タイムスタンプを日本時間にする(追記) pasv_enable=YES ←■ pasvモードを許可する(追記) pasv_promiscuous=YES ←■ pasvモードの設定 pasv_min_port=50000 ←■ pasvモード利用時のポート下限指定(追記) pasv_max_port=50005 ←■ pasvモード利用時のポート上限指定(追記) local_root=public_html ←■ ログイン時のディレクトリを~/public_htmlにする場合 # SSLを使う場合 ssl_enable=YES ←■ SSLの有効化 rsa_cert_file=/etc/pki/tls/certs/vsftpd.pem ←■ サーバー証明書を指定 force_local_logins_ssl=NO ←■ ログイン時にSSL接続を強制しない force_local_data_ssl=NO ←■ データ転送時にSSL接続を強制しない vsftpd 再起動 [root@linux vsftpd]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/vsftpd restart vsftpd を停止中: [ OK ] vsftpd 用の vsftpd を起動中: [ OK ] [root@linux vsftpd]#
PASVモード の設定(SSLを使わない場合のみ対応) †ip_conntrack_ftpがロードされている必要がある。 # lsmod | grep ftp 何もでない場合、/etc/sysconfi/iptables-config に以下を追記する。(赤字の部分) IPTABLES_MODULES="ip_conntrack_netbios_ns ip_conntrack_ftp" また、/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf に以下の設定が必要(かも?)。 pasv_promiscuous=YES 証明書作成 †[root@linux]# cd /etc/pki/tls/certs/ ←■ ディレクトリ移動 [root@linux certs]# make vsftpd.pem ←■ サーバー証明書作成 Country Name (2 letter code) [GB]:JP ←■ 国名を入力 State or Province Name (full name) [Berkshire]:Osaka ←■ 都道府県名を入力 Locality Name (eg, city) [Newbury]:Osaka ←■ 市区町村名を入力 Organization Name (eg, company) [My Company Ltd]:Example ←■ サイト名(何でも良い)を入力 Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: ←■ 空 Enter Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:example.jp ←■ ホスト名を入力 Email Address []:hostmaster@example.jp ←■ 管理者メールアドレスを入力 [root@linux certs]# |