サービスの自動起動確認
サービス全て確認
[root@linux ~]# chkconfig --list
sendmail 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
NetworkManager 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
～ 中略 ～
nfs 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
xinetd ベースのサービス:
time-udp: off
daytime: off
rsync: off
daytime-udp: off
eklogin: off
echo: off
chargen: off
klogin: off
echo-udp: off
kshell: off
gssftp: off
krb5-telnet: off
chargen-udp: off
time: off
[root@linux ~]#
サービス個別確認( sshd の場合 )
[root@linux ~]# chkconfig --list sshd
sshd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
[root@linux ~]#
サービスの自動起動を ON にする
sendmail を自動起動させる場合の例
[root@linux ~]# chkconfig sendmail on
サービスの自動起動を OFF にする
自動起動 OFF 一覧
○ 自動起動ONを推奨 × 自動起動OFFを推奨 △ 使用用途によって選択する| サービス名 | 推奨 | 概要 |
| apmd | × | ノートパソコンのバッテリ残量が少なくなった時に自動シャットダウンさせる |
| atd | △ | at コマンドにより指定された時間にプログラムを実行する( crond で代替可 ) at コマンドを使う場合はON |
| cups | × | プリンタ機能を管理する プリンタと接続する場合はON |
| gpm | × | コンソール用マウスドライバー テキストモードでマウスを使う場合はON |
| irda | × | IrDA 赤外線通信デバイスの制御サービス 赤外線通信は使わないでしょう？ |
| irqbalance | △ | マルチ CPU 環境で 2nd CPU 以降も割り込み処理をおこなえるようにする |
| isdn | × | ISDN回線を利用できるようにする |
| kudzu | × | システムで追加または取り外したハードウェアを確認するためにシステム起動時に実行されるハードウェア検査ツールです ハードウェアを新しく付けるときだけON |
| mdmonitor | × | ソフトウェア RAID のモニター |
| messagebus | × | アプリケーション間のメッセージを送る D-BUS のデーモン( 対応アプリほとんどなし ) D-BUS使う場合はON |
| netfs | × | ネットワーク上の(例えば)NFSマウントポイントのマウント／アンマウントを有効にする NFSなどネットワークファイルシステムを使うのであればON |
| nfslock | × | NFS ファイルロック機構を提供する NFS使わないと思う |
| pcmcia | × | PCカードのデバイスドライバーをロードする PCカード使う場合はON |
| sendmail | △ | メール転送エージェント（MTA) OFFでもメール送信可能 |
| xfs | × | Xフォントサーバ Xを起動する場合はON |
不要なサービスのアンインストール
cups アンインストール
[root@linux ~]# yum remove cups-libs
Setting up Remove Process
～ 中略 ～
=============================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================
Removing:
cups-libs i386 1:1.1.22-0.rc1.9.11 installed 181 k
Removing for dependencies:
cups i386 1:1.1.22-0.rc1.9.11 installed 3.8 M
redhat-lsb i386 3.0-8.EL installed 21 k
samba i386 3.0.10-1.4E.9 installed 24 M
samba-client i386 3.0.10-1.4E.9 installed 6.1 M
samba-common i386 3.0.10-1.4E.9 installed 13 M
system-config-samba noarch 1.2.21-1 installed 681 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
Install 0 Package(s)
Update 0 Package(s)
Remove 7 Package(s)
Total download size: 0
Is this ok [y/N]: y
～ 中略 ～
Removed: cups-libs.i386 1:1.1.22-0.rc1.9.11
Dependency Removed: cups.i386 1:1.1.22-0.rc1.9.11 redhat-lsb.i386 0:3.0-8.EL samba.i386 0:3.0.10-1.4E.9
samba-client.i386 0:3.0.10-1.4E.9 samba-common.i386 0:3.0.10-1.4E.9 system-config-samba.noarch 0:1.2.21-1
Complete!
[root@linux ~]#
ランレベルの確認
[root@linux ~]# /sbin/runlevel
N 3
[root@linux ~]#
初期状態
| アクション | 起動時に開始しますか？ | 説明 |
| acpid | はい | Listen and dispatch ACPI events from the kernel |
| anacron | はい | Run cron jobs that were left out due to downtime |
| apmd | はい | apmd is used for monitoring battery status and logging it via syslog(8). It can also be used for shutting down the machine when the battery is low. |
| atd | はい | Runs commands scheduled by the at command at the time specified when at was run, and runs batch commands when the load average is low enough. |
| auditd | いいえ | This starts the Linux Auditing System Daemon |
| autofs | はい | Automounts filesystems on demand |
| bluetooth | いいえ | Bluetooth services for service discovery, authentication, |
| cpuspeed | はい | Run dynamic CPU speed daemon |
| crond | はい | cron is a standard UNIX program that runs user-specified programs at periodic scheduled times. vixie cron adds a number of features to the basic UNIX cron, including better security and more powerful configuration options. |
| cups | はい | Startup/shutdown script for the Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS). |
| dc_client | いいえ | Distcache is a Distributed SSL Session Cache Client Proxy. |
| dc_server | いいえ | Distcache is a Distributed SSL Session Cache server. |
| diskdump | いいえ | Save dump file if previous system crashed and initialize diskdump module. |
| dund | いいえ | Bluetooth Dial-Up-Networking Daemon. Provides PPP over RFCOMM |
| gpm | はい | GPM adds mouse support to text-based Linux applications such as the Midnight Commander. It also allows mouse-based console cut-and-paste operations, and includes support for pop-up menus on the console. |
| haldaemon | はい | This is a daemon for collecting and maintaing information about hardware from several sources. See http://www.freedesktop.org/Software/hal |
| halt | いいえ | |
| hidd | いいえ | Bluetooth Human Interface Device Daemon. Provides keyboard, |
| httpd | はい | Apache is a World Wide Web server. It is used to serve HTML files and CGI. |
| iptables | はい | Starts, stops and saves iptables firewall |
| irda | いいえ | IrDA(TM) (Infrared Data Association) is an industry standard for wireless, infrared communication between devices. IrDA speeds range from 9600 bps to 4 Mbps, and IrDA can be used by many modern devices including laptops, LAN adapters, PDAs, printers, and mobile phones. |
| irqbalance | はい | The irqbalance daemon will distribute interrupts across the cpus on a multiprocessor system with the purpose of spreading the load. processname: irqbalance |
| isdn | はい | start and stop ISDN services |
| killall | いいえ | |
| kudzu | はい | This runs the hardware probe, and optionally configures changed hardware. |
| mdmonitor | はい | software RAID monitoring and management |
| mdmpd | いいえ | multipath device monitoring and management |
| messagebus | はい | This is a daemon which broadcasts notifications of system events and other messages. See http://www.freedesktop.org/software/dbus/ |
| microcode_ctl | はい | script to apply cpu microcode |
| mysqld | はい | MySQL database server. |
| netdump | いいえ | Initialize console side of netconsole and netcrashdump facility |
| netfs | はい | Mounts and unmounts all Network File System (NFS), SMB/CIFS (Lan Manager/Windows), and NCP (NetWare) mount points. |
| netplugd | いいえ | netplugd is a daemon for managing non-static network interfaces. |
| network | はい | Activates/Deactivates all network interfaces configured to start at boot time. |
| NetworkManager | いいえ | This is a daemon for automatically switching network connections to the best available connection. |
| nfs | いいえ | NFS is a popular protocol for file sharing across TCP/IP networks. This service provides NFS server functionality, which is configured via the /etc/exports file. |
| nfslock | はい | NFS is a popular protocol for file sharing across TCP/IP networks. This service provides NFS file locking functionality. |
| nscd | いいえ | This is a daemon which handles passwd and group lookups for running programs and cache the results for the next query. You should start this daemon if you use slow naming services like NIS, NIS+, LDAP, or hesiod. |
| pand | いいえ | Bluetooth Personal Area Networking Daemon. Provides network |
| pcmcia | はい | PCMCIA support is usually to support things like ethernet and modems in laptops. It won't get started unless configured so it is safe to have it installed on machines that don't need it. |
| portmap | はい | The portmapper manages RPC connections, which are used by protocols such as NFS and NIS. The portmap server must be running on machines which act as servers for protocols which make use of the RPC mechanism. |
| psacct | いいえ | Starts and stops process accounting |
| rawdevices | はい | This scripts assignes raw devices to block devices (such as hard drive partitions). This is for the use of applications such as Oracle. You can set up the raw device to block device mapping by editing the file /etc/sysconfig/rawdevices. Note that the use of raw devices is deprecated, and applications should open regular block devices with O_DIRECT instead. |
| readahead | いいえ | This service causes the programs used during startup to be loaded into memory before they are needed, thus improving startup performance |
| readahead_early | いいえ | This service causes the programs used during startup to be loaded into memory before they are needed, thus improving startup performance |
| rhnsd | いいえ | This is a daemon which handles the task of connecting periodically to the CentOS Network servers to check for updates, notifications and perform system monitoring tasks according to the service level that this server is subscribed for |
| rpcgssd | はい | Starts user-level daemon that manages RPCSEC GSS contexts for the NFSv4 client. |
| rpcidmapd | はい | Starts user-level daemon for NFSv4 that maps user names to UID and GID numbers. |
| rpcsvcgssd | いいえ | Starts user-level daemon that manages RPCSEC GSS contexts for the NFSv4 server. |
| saslauthd | いいえ | saslauthd is a server process which handles plaintext authentication requests on behalf of the cyrus-sasl library. |
| sendmail | はい | Sendmail is a Mail Transport Agent, which is the program that moves mail from one machine to another. |
| single | いいえ | |
| smartd | はい | Self Monitoring and Reporting Technology (SMART) Daemon |
| smb | いいえ | Starts and stops the Samba smbd and nmbd daemons used to provide SMB network services. |
| sshd | はい | OpenSSH server daemon |
| syslog | はい | Syslog is the facility by which many daemons use to log messages to various system log files. It is a good idea to always run syslog. |
| vsftpd | はい | Vsftpd is a ftp daemon, which is the program that answers incoming ftp service requests. |
| webmin | はい | Start/stop Webmin |
| winbind | いいえ | Starts and stops the Samba winbind daemon |
| xfs | はい | Starts and stops the X Font Server at boot time and shutdown. It also takes care of (re-)generating font lists. |
| xinetd | はい | xinetd is a powerful replacement for inetd. xinetd has access control mechanisms, extensive logging capabilities, the ability to make services available based on time, and can place limits on the number of servers that can be started, among other things. |
| ypbind | いいえ | This is a daemon which runs on NIS/YP clients and binds them to a NIS domain. It must be running for systems based on glibc to work as NIS clients, but it should not be enabled on systems which are not using NIS. |
| yum | いいえ | Enable daily run of yum, a program updater. |
| /etc/rc.d/rc.local | はい |
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